What Should We Pay Attention To When Selecting Part Materials During Precision Machining?

Selecting The Material To Be Used A Variety Of Materials Is A Task That Is Constrained By Many Factors. Therefore, How To Choose The Material Of A Part Is An Important Part Of Part Design. Huiwen Intelligent Manufacturing Technology's Principle For Selecting Precision Machining Materials Is That The Required Material Should Meet The Use Requirements Of The Part Have Good Processability Economy.

1. Usage Requirements

The Requirements For The Use Of Mechanical Parts Processing Are As Follows:

1) The Working Conditions Loading Conditions Of Parts The Requirements To Avoid Corresponding Failure Modes.

Working Conditions Refer To The Environmental Characteristics, Working Temperature, Degree Of Friction Wear Of The Parts. The Materials Of Parts Working In Hot Humid Environments Corrosive Media Should Have Good Rust Corrosion Resistance. In This Case, Stainless Steel, Copper Alloy, Etc. Can Be Considered First. There Are Two Main Aspects Of The Influence Of Working Temperature On Material Selection: On The One Hand, It Is Necessary To Consider That The Linear Expansion Coefficients Of The Two Parts That Cooperate With Each Other Should Differ Too Much, So As To Generate Excessive Thermal Stress Loosen The Fit When The Temperature Changes; On The Other Hand, It Is Also Necessary To Consider The Change Of The Mechanical Properties Of The Material With Temperature. For Parts Working Under Sliding Friction, In Order To Improve Their Surface Hardness Enhance Wear Resistance, Varieties Such As Hardened Steel, Carburized Steel, Nitrided Steel, Etc. Suitable For Surface Treatment Should Be Selected, Materials With Good Friction Reduction Wear Resistance Should Be Selected.

Loading Conditions Refer To The Size Nature Of The Load Stress On The Parts. In Principle, Brittle Materials Are Only Suitable For Manufacturing Parts That Work Under Static Loads; In The Case Of Impact, Plastic Materials Should Be Used As The Main Materials; For Parts With Large Contact Stress On The Surface, Materials That Can Be Surface Treated Should Be Selected, Such As Surface Hardened Steel; For Parts Subject To Strain, Fatigue-Resistant Materials Should Be Selected; For Parts Subject To Impact Loads, Materials With Higher Impact Toughness Should Be Selected; For Parts Whose Size Depends On Strength Whose Size Mass Are Limited, Materials With Higher Strength Should Be Selected; For Parts Whose Size Depends On Stiffness, Materials With Larger Elastic Modulus Should Be Selected.

The Properties Of Metal Materials Can Generally Be Enhanced Improved Through Heat Treatment. Therefore, We Should Make Full Use Of Heat Treatment To Unleash The Potential Of Materials. For The Most Commonly Used Tempered Steel, Different Mechanical Properties Can Be Obtained Due To Different Tempering Temperatures. The Higher The Tempering Temperature, The Lower The Hardness Stiffness Of The Material, The Better The Plasticity. Therefore, When Selecting The Variety Of Materials, The Heat Treatment Specifications Should Be Specified At The Same Time Indicated On The Drawings. Huiwen Zhizao Is A Machining Factory With More Than Ten Years Of CNC Machining Experience . It Has A Full Range Of Equipment, CNC Lathe/Milling/Grinding/Drilling/Machining. Partners With Parts Processing Needs Are Welcome To Call Us For Quotes.

2) Restrictions On The Size Quality Of CNC Parts Processing .

The Size Quality Of Parts Are Related To The Type Of Material The Manufacturing Method Of Blanks. When Producing Casting Blanks, There Are Generally No Restrictions On Size Quality; When Producing Forging Blanks, Attention Should Be Paid To The Production Capacity Of Forging Machinery Equipment. In Addition, The Size Quality Of CNC Parts Are Also Related To The Strength-To-Weight Ratio Of The Material. Materials With A Large Strength-To-Weight Ratio Should Be Selected As Much As Possible To Reduce The Size Weight Of The Parts.

3) The Importance Of The Parts In The Whole Machine Its Components.

4) Other Special Requirements (Such As Whether Insulation, Anti-Magnetism, Etc. Are Required).

2. Process Requirements

In Order To Make Parts Easy To Process Manufacture, The Complexity Of The Part Structure, Size Blank Type Should Be Considered When Selecting Materials. For Parts With Complex Shapes Large Sizes, If Casting Blanks Are Considered, Materials With Good Casting Performance Should Be Selected; If Welding Blanks Are Considered, Low-Carbon Steel With Good Welding Performance Should Be Selected. For Parts With Simple Shapes, Small Sizes Large Batches, Stamping Die Forging Are Suitable, Materials With Good Plasticity Should Be Selected. For Parts That Require Heat Treatment, The Material Should Have Good Heat Treatment Performance. In Addition, The Ease Of Processing Of The Material Itself The Ease Of Processing After Heat Treatment Should Also Be Considered.

3. Economic Requirements

1) The Relative Price Of The Material Itself

Under The Premise Of Meeting The Use Requirements, Low-Cost Materials Should Be Selected As Much As Possible. This Is Especially Important For Parts Manufactured In Large Quantities.

2) Material Processing Costs

When The Quality Of CNC Machined Parts Is Large But The Processing Volume Is Large, The Processing Cost Will Account For A Large Proportion Of The Total Cost Of The Parts. Although Cast Iron Is Cheaper Than Steel Plate, For Some Single-Piece Small-Batch Box Parts, The Cost Of Using Cast Iron Is Higher Than That Of Steel Plate Welding, Because The Latter Can Save The Manufacturing Cost Of The Mold.

3) Save Materials

In Order To Save Materials, Heat Treatment Surface Strengthening (Shot Peening, Rolling, Etc.) Processes Can Be Used To Give Full Play To Utilize The Potential Mechanical Properties Of The Material; Surface Coating (Chrome Plating, Copper Plating, Blackening, Blueing, Etc.) Methods Can Also Be Used To Reduce The Degree Of Corrosion Wear Extend The Service Life Of Parts. Huiwen Zhizao Is A Machining Factory With More Than Ten Years Of CNC Processing Experience. It Has A Full Range Of Equipment, CNC Lathe/Milling/Grinding/Drilling/Processing. Partners With Parts Processing Needs Are Welcome To Call Us For Quotes.

4) Material Utilization

In Order To Improve The Utilization Rate Of Materials, No-Cutting Low-Cutting Processing Can Be Adopted, Such As Die Forging, Precision Casting, Stamping, Etc. This Can Only Improve The Utilization Rate Of Materials, But Also Reduce The Working Hours Of Cutting Processing.

5) Save Precious Materials

By Adopting A Combined Structure, More Expensive Materials Can Be Saved. For Example, The Worm Gear Ring Of The Combined Structure Adopts Tin Bronze, Which Has Good Friction Reduction Properties But Is Expensive, While The Wheel Core Adopts Cheap Cast Iron.

6) Save Rare Materials

In This Regard, The Manganese-Boron Series Alloy Steels With Relatively Abundant Resources In My Country Can Be Used To Replace The Chromium-Nickel Series Alloy Steels With Less Resources, Aluminum Bronze Can Be Used To Replace Tin Bronze.

7) Availability Of Materials

When Selecting Materials, Precision Machining Plants Should Choose Materials That Are Available Locally Easy To Supply To Reduce The Cost Of Procurement, Transportation, Storage; The Perspective Of Simplifying The Supply Storage Of Material Varieties, For Small Batch Production Parts, The Variety Specifications Of Materials Used On The Same Machine Should Be Reduced As Much As Possible To Simplify Supply Management, It Is Easier To Master The Most Reasonable Operation Methods During Processing Heat Treatment, Thereby Improving Manufacturing Quality, Reducing Waste, Increasing Labor Productivity. Huiwen Zhizao Is A Machining Plant With More Than Ten Years Of CNC Processing Experience, With A Full Range Of Equipment, CNC Lathe/Milling/Grinding/Drilling/Processing. Partners With Parts Processing Needs Are Welcome To Call Us For Quotes.